Theo Kocken describes how his upbringing in a large family encouraged his independence. He drew on that experience to rethink the nature of risks by banks and pension funds. He discusses how he came to start Cardano Development in response to the need to account for scenarios that generate serious risks. He points out how his company built models that use derivatives to hedge long-term risks in pension funds. Theo highlights his work with banks, many of which become far more interested in risk management in the aftermath of the financial crisis. He has combined theory with practice, publishing a number of scholarly articles while working on the practical problems faced by pension funds and more recently with development banks helping developing countries.

David begins by highlighting the background of his parents, how they met in Mexico, and their careers. He discusses his elementary and high school experience in San Antonio and his first national award. He describes how he chose Harvard among other schools at a time when Harvard was not a dominant brand. David provides examples of his intellectually stimulating time at Harvard and then turns to his subsequent decision to enter law school instead of medical school. His early career as an attorney contributed to his finding his wife Ellen and convincing her to marry. David makes interesting points about enjoying courtroom litigation and the jury system. The session concludes with David's innovative practice of taking each child to countries with special histories but only after the children did their homework in reading about the countries.

William Raduchel describes growing up in Houghton County, Michigan, as it evolved from a prosperous to a declining area. Starting from a local college, Michigan Tech, a school focused on engineering, on to Michigan State and then to many roles at Harvard, Bill gained a mastery of economics, computer science, and engineering. His career made fascinating transition from automating Harvard's admissions, to creating special software for economic analysis, to achieving top positions at McGraw Hill, Xeros, Sun Microsystems and AOL Time Warner. He explains why some companies grew with technology while others were unable to make technology work for their business success. Bill concludes with perspectives on the growth of Artificial Intelligence and its likely impacts. He explores these and other issues in his forthcoming book, The New Technology State.

State Senator Jim Rosapepe describes where and how he grew up, his heritage, his early interest in politics, and the beginnings of his business career and entrepreneurship. He then turns to the relationships he built in politics, business, and foreign affairs. Jim's role in the Italian support for President Bill Clinton is one of his many interesting stories. Finally, he explains his success in the legislative process in Maryland and his renewed interest in apprenticeships for America.

Eytan Sheshinski describes growing up in Haifa, Israel with parents who emigrated from Germany and Switzerland in the 1930s to a kibbutz. While initially joining a kibbutz and understanding economics from a Marxist perspective, Eytan talks of his excitement in learning modern economics first at Hebrew University under famed Israel economist Don Patinkin and later at MIT. After building a strong research record in public economics as a highly respected professor of economics, he served without pay as the head of two commissions to ensure that the Israeli public obtained its fair share of profits from oil, gas, and potash resources. Eytan discusses the challenges he faced and the ultimate satisfaction he derived from his public service.

Diane Jones describes coming from a Baltimore family of modest means, attending a state college, and becoming a community college professor as she followed her deep interest in science. Her experience at the National Science Foundation led to new programs and ultimately productive years as a Congressional staffer. In her last public position, Diane served as Deputy Secretary of Education.

Nathan Lewin describes his family's escape from Poland soon after the 1938 Kristallnacht pogrom against Jews through Japan to the US. He recounts how his father, an important rabbi in Poland, transitioned to become a noted writer and professor and influenced the UN resolutions on freedom of religion. We hear of Mr. Lewin's decision to attend Harvard Law school and work on the law review. He discusses how he faced explicit discrimination but ended up helping him become a clerk to Supreme Court Justice John Harlan and ultimately important positions in the Department of Justice headed by Robert F. Kennedy. Nat recalls some of his important cases, nearly 30 of which he argued in the Supreme Court.

Don Ezra describes growing up in Calcutta with a Bhagdadi Jewish heritage. He is grateful for the Catholic school he attended, especially how the teachers pushed students to investigate issues deeply. He naturally followed this approach, asking why and then asking why again. Don's education moved quickly, earning a BA by 18, studying economics and math at Cambridge University. He highlights the role of luck in helping him become an actuary, transferring to Canada, and leading a major practice at Russell Investments. Don discusses a range of his innovations analyzing and writing about the assets and liabilities sides of defined benefit pensions. As the interview concludes, Don talks about his post-full-time work activities in what he calls Life 2. His website, donezra.com, offers a wealth of material for the public on retirement planning, from dealing with longevity and inflation risks to improving sleep patterns. His book, Life Two: How to get to and enjoy what used to be called retirement, is available on Amazon.

Paula Hogan describes her early experience with finance, growing up with a father who pioneered concepts of variable annuities. After graduating college, Paula thought she would enter a health policy field, but came to begin financial advising while living in Texas. Learn how Paula chose to embrace ideas developed by co-host Zvi Bodie, how she built her own personal financial advising practice and ultimately sold the practice while continuing to provide financial advice to clients. Her publications and her efforts to promote fiduciary responsibilities of advisers have contributed to improving the financial futures of Americans.